SBD DAUNTLESS REAR GUNNER
BOMBING SQUADRON 5 (VB-5)
US NAVY
George E. Kapotas was born on February 22, 1924 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. His father, Anastasios Kapotas or Kapotas, was born in 1892, in Paleochorion, Doris Province, Phocis District. At the age of 19, he decided to emigrate to the USA, along with three other fellow countrymen, in search of a better life. The other members of his group, with whom he would travel, were Joannis Brumas, Georgios Eliopulos and Charalambos Katjabakos. The four friends departed from the port of Patras on the passenger ship SS ATHINAI, arriving in New York on 17 April 1911. The young immigrant, during the screening process at Elllis Island, in order to be allowed to enter the USA, changed his name to Ernest J. Kapotas. He initially resided in Milwaukee, Massachusetts, as a guest of a friend, George Papadimitriou, and there he worked in various factories in the area. After a few years, now married, he moved to Minneapolis where he settled permanently with his wife Agnes, who was of Scandinavian descent. With her he had three children, Elaine, John and George. The professional prospect of a military career seemed to interest young George E. Kapotas from his early teens. This resulted in him enlisting in the US Navy on June 5, 1941. The fact that he was still a minor, only 17 years and 4 months old, indicates that there was written consent from his father to allow him to enlist. It is worth noting that at that time the United States was still conducting peacetime operations under a policy of neutrality, despite the fact that World War II was now raging in Europe. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was to occur 6 months later. The young recruit initially reported to the Naval Training Station, which was located in the Great Lakes region of Illinois. There he was assigned military registration number 328-92-06 and was designated an Apprentice Seaman. Upon completion of training he was sent to NAS ALAMEDA Air Station in California, where he reported on 24 August 1941 for further training. On 5 October 1941 he was promoted to Seaman 2nd Class (S2c - Seaman 2nd Class). On 7 December 1941 the peaceful American daily routine came to an end as the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, forcing the US to enter the war. The need for aircrews grew rapidly and Kapotas applied to train as a flyer, eventually being selected for air gunner training. In mid-January 1942, Kapotas, along with other colleagues, boarded the gunship USS WHARTON (AP-7) and departed San Francisco, bound for Hawaii. On 18 January 1942, he reported to the Naval Receiving Station at Pearl Harbor. There he remained as a transient personnel for about twenty-four hours, awaiting further orders. The same group of 420 men who traveled on this ship included another Greek. He was Seaman First Class Theodore A Kyriopoulos (s/n 368-54-61), with whom they knew each other from their service on the Alameda. Kyriopoulos came from Koroni, Messina. After qualifying, he served briefly aboard the aircraft carrier USS SARATOGA (CV-3) as an Aviation Metalsmith3rd Class (AM3c). He was then transferred to shore duty and for the remainder of the war served in Hawaii as an aircraft accountant with Carrier Aircraft Service Unit Two (CASU-2).
Kapotas was selected to be trained as a radio operator/gunner on dive bombers. So on 19 January 1942 he was assigned to temporary duty with Carrier Division One, which was based at Kaneohe Bay Air Station (NAS). On 25 January 1942, after a week of training, involving Browning 0.30 in. machine gun armament training, he was transferred to Carrier Aircraft Service Unit Three (CASU-3). This unit provided training to the technicians and aircrews of the newly formed Carrier Air Group FIVE (CAG - 5) Wing. Soon the young Greek-American was assigned as crew to Ensign John T. Gildea, who was to fly as pilot of a two-seat SBD-5 Dauntless bomber, VB-5, now with George E Kapotas in the back seat as an Aviation Radioman 2nd Class. Gildea's father was a WWI pilot and had passed away in 1929. The young pilot proved to be a worthy continuator of the family aviation tradition, inherited from his father, as his war record later proved him to be an excellent pilot. Upon completion of training, the squadrons of Air Group-5, boarded the aircraft carrier USS YORKTOWN (CV-10). On 22 August 1943, they departed for the South Pacific front and over the next few months took part in the operations conducted against the Japanese, at Marcus Island, as well as the Marshall and Gilbert Islands, until late 1943. Throughout this time the Gildea - Kapotas crew flew together on all kinds of dangerous missions, bravely facing the dense anti-aircraft fire and fighter planes of the Japanese. Unfortunately, their luck would soon run out and the experienced pair of aviators would be forced to call upon all their mental and physical reserves to survive, reaching one step before death. At dawn on December 4, 1943, VB-5 recovered from the deck of the aircraft carrier USS YORKTOWN (CV-10), 24 SBD-5 Dauntless bombers, which headed for Kwajalein Atoll in search of enemy shipping. Ensign Gildea along with Kapotas (ARM2c) were now on their eighth mission. The two airmen were manning the Dauntless with a side fuselage number "35", the aircraft's Bureau Number not known, carrying a 1,000-pound penetrating bomb in the ventral suspension pylon. Also participating in the same mission were 19 F6F-5 Hellcats of the VF-5, along with 17 TBF-Avengers of the VT-5. Arriving west of Roi Island, the SBD-5 operators spotted a Japanese Mitsubishi G4M "Betty" twin-engine bomber in close proximity watching the formation and reported its presence. Almost immediately a quartet of VF-5 Hellcats attacked and shot down the enemy aircraft. A number of ships of various types were spotted in the Kwajalein Island anchorage and the pilots' preference was given to a large Japanese cruiser, which received four key bomb hits. The coastal Japanese batteries opened fire, creating a terrifying barrage, unleashing a dense barrage of barrage fire. As explosions from the 3-in and 5-in shells rocked the atmosphere, Gildea and Kapotas suddenly felt their aircraft shaken, by the shockwave of an explosion, before they could sink on the target.
George E. Kapotas (ARM1) aboard USS YORKTOWN (CV10) in a publicity photo of the United States Navy. The photo was taken during February 1944. (National Archives 80-G-398892)
Two U.S. Navy Douglas SBD-5 "Dauntless" dive bombers attached to bombing squadron VB-5 returning to the aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CV-10) after the attack on Wake Island, 5 October 1943. VB-5 was initially assigned Curtiss SB2C-1 "Helldiver's", but the problems encountered with these aircraft during Yorktown´s shakedown cruise prompted her skipper, Capt. Joseph J. Jocko Clark to order them replaced by the more reliable "Dauntless". The squadron took SBD-5s into combat aboard the "Fighting Lady" (USS Yorktown) in August 1943. (USN via Robert Sullivan)
SBD-5 Dauntless dive bombers of VB-5 readying for launch from USS Yorktown (CV 10) to strike targets in the Marshall Islands #OTD in 1943. (National Naval Aviation Museum)
The SBD-5 Dauntless was the most important naval dive bomber used by the United States Navy during World War II. Developed by Douglas Aircraft, the SBD-5 ("Scout Bomber Douglas") was part of the Dauntless line, renowned for its rugged design and reliability in high-stakes combat. The aircraft was equipped with a powerful 1,200-horsepower Wright R-1820 engine, enabling it to carry a substantial bomb load and deliver precise, steep-angle dive attacks. Its design included perforated dive brakes on its wings, allowing for controlled descents without excessive acceleration, which was essential for accurate bombing runs. Armed with forward-firing .50 caliber machine guns and twin .30 caliber guns for rear defense, the SBD-5 offered substantial offensive and defensive firepower. Generally the Dauntless played a pivotal role in key battles, notably the Battle of Midway, where it was instrumental in sinking several Japanese carriers, shifting the Pacific Theater’s strategic balance. Praised for its stability, dive accuracy, and resilience, the SBD-5 earned a legacy as one of the most effective and iconic dive bombers of the war. (Profile by Bertrand Brown)
An anti-aircraft shell had exploded at close range just below the belly of their plane, causing dozens of fragments to enter the cockpit, piercing the floor. Ensign Gildea was seriously injured in the thigh of his right leg and hip, but the armored seat on which he was sitting saved his life, as it absorbed most of the force of the wounds. However, Gildea was bleeding and began to lose consciousness while experiencing excruciating pain and severe shock. As all of this was happening, the Dauntless had dropped from 10,000 feet to 3,000 feet in altitude, but at that point, Gildea recovered and regained control of the aircraft. Kapotas' anguished shouts in the intercom made him recover and think clearly about what he needed to do. The bottom of the metal seat had been deformed to such an extent that dozens of glowing, sharp, jagged protrusions had formed on its surface, making it impossible for the pilot to sit on it. Trying to rise in the narrow cockpit, he leaned on his strong leg and hunched forward, holding the stick with his hands, trying to maintain control of the aircraft. In this uncomfortable position, however, he could not touch the pedals. Fortunately, the Dauntless also had controls (stick and joysticks) at the rear of the cockpit, on the radio operator's/pilot's seat, so that he could be controlled from the rear seat. Although Kapotas' flying duties involved only the proper use of the radio and machine guns, nevertheless the young flier had occasionally expressed interest in handling the plane, with the result that Gildea often showed him how to fly straight, keeping the wings of the aircraft fixed, in a horizontal position, or how to execute turns, with a slight bank and course changes. Kapotas, like any gunner in a Dauntless, on the missions he performed sat in the rear of the cockpit, with his back to the pilot, facing the aircraft's tail. But his seat could be reversed and he could sit facing forward, looking towards the nose of the aircraft. So the 19-year-old Greek-American immediately changed his position and, grabbing the controller in his hands, placed his feet on the pedals, faithfully following Gildea's instructions in the intercom to avoid spinning. After an agonizing 45-minute flight, the two aviators managed to find the USS YORKTOWN (CV-10), but Kapotas lacked the knowledge and skill for a safe landing on the carrier. Faced with the danger of a crash and while they were in the process of going down, the semi-conscious Gildea, using the last bit of his strength, took control at the last moment and managed to force-landing. As soon as the plane touched the deck he turned off the switch, shutting down the engine just before he lost consciousness. The next moment the aircraft's arresting hook caught on one of the wire ropes and the Dauntless came to a halt. Another adventurous mission for the two aviators had now come to an end, having lasted over 3 hours. For his bravery and skill in this dangerous mission, George Ernest Kapotas was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) because:
"Kapotas' action, in this case, was decisive in saving the life of the pilot and the aircraft, as he showed admirable initiative, resourcefulness and courageous behavior."
After this incident, Lt John T Gildea was hospitalized for a long time in a hospital. When he returned to active duty he requested to retrain in fighters and as a result, in April 1945, he was assigned to the aircraft carrier USS BUNKER HILL (CV-17), flying combat missions with the F4U-Corsair of VF-84. During the air battles, which took place, over the skies of Okinawa, Lt (I) John T Gildea earned the title of ace, shooting down 7 Japanese aircraft. Unfortunately, on 11 May 1945, two Japanese kamikazes crashed into the aircraft carrier USS BUNKER HILL (CV-17). A total of 22 VF-84 operators, who were preparing for a mission at the time, were trapped and suffocated to death in the briefing room, including Lt. Gildea. George Ernest Kapotas after this incident most likely continued to fly with another pilot, as existing records indicate that he exceeded 15 combat missions. He remained in the ranks of the US Navy until 1947, completing six years of service. Among the various decorations he received in addition to the DFC, the Air Medal with two Gold Stars, the Bronze Star, and the Presidential Unit Citation also stand out. According to the testimony of a journalist, he had at least 62 combat assignments, but this is probably the total number of flights (training and combat) he had in his career. Regarding his civilian life after the war, from an article in the Star Tribune on July 4, 1964 (US National Day), journalist George Grim reported the following:
"George Kapotas' two younger brothers, John and Elaine, told me that he never talked about his war experiences. He didn't do it because he was rude. He was just telling them that they shouldn't think of him as their hero older brother. After his retirement, he took a job as a bus mechanic for the Greyhound bus company and married a beautiful girl named Faye. He eventually became a section chief in the parts supply department of the company. Sadly, George E Kapotas passed away young, on June 27, 1964, at the age of only 40. He is currently buried in Lakewood Cemetery in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He and his wife had no children. During his funeral, a reserve officer from the Navy Honor Guard gave me the veteran aviator's flight log to read. I was particularly moved to discern a tiny "X" with which he had marked the date (December 4, 1943) when it was the only time in his life that he flew a plane, saving another man's life. So on this anniversary, when I raise the American Flag outside my home on the occasion of the National Fourth of July holiday, I will do so to honor the memory of George E Kapotas as well."
He was indeed one of the greatest of his generation, a man who fought for freedom and honored both the United States and Greece with his service.
George E. Kapotas (ARM1) aboard USS YORKTOWN (CV10) in a publicity photo of the United States Navy. The photo was taken during February 1944. (National Archives 80-G-398892)
SBD-5 Dauntless of the VB-5 makes a belly landing on the flight deck of the carrier USS Yorktown (CV-10) after strike against Truk Atoll on February 22, 1944 (US Navy)
John T. Gildea during his early days. (https://www.honorstates.org/)
SOURCES
1. National Archives Photo Archives
2. Nebraska City News Press, Wednesday 26 April 1944, page 1.
3. Star Tribune, Sunday 14 May 1944, page 21.
4. The Colombus Telegram, Friday 14 July, page 1
5. Star Tribune, Saturday, July 4, 1964.
6. www.fold3.com